Amount and procedure for payment of benefits for a child under 3 years of age in 2021

The concept of “maternity leave”: maternity leave, parental leave

Over the past two decades, our state has taken a course towards ensuring decent childhood and motherhood.
Many programs, federal laws, and new benefits have been developed that are designed to financially support families preparing to become parents. What payments can an expectant mother expect, how to understand the timing and types of maternity leave, what documents will be needed to register for maternity leave? This article will clarify all these points.

It’s worth starting with the fact that the concept of “maternity leave” is not legally enshrined anywhere. Articles 255 and 256 of the Labor Code provide the right to rest during pregnancy and birth of a child. Divided:

Leave for labor and labor (pregnancy and childbirth);
Holiday to care for the child.

Law on payments

In 2021, no significant changes were made to the texts of the legislation on maternity leave. However, current circumstances must be taken into account when calculating benefits.

When calculating maternity benefits, variable indicators such as:

Minimum wage, i.e. legally established minimum wages that every employer is required to pay;
salary limits taken into account for calculating benefits;
a list of years for which earnings are taken into account.

The listed data changes annually and even more often.

So in 2021, the minimum wage changed twice - as of January 1 and July 1, 7600 and 7800 rubles, respectively. In 2018, it is planned to increase the minimum wage to 9,489 rubles. Starting from 2021, it is envisaged that the minimum amount will come into line with the subsistence level, and this equality will be maintained in the future.
Similarly, the maximum (limit amount of remuneration) that is taken into account when determining maternity benefits has increased. If in 2021 it was 718 thousand rubles, then in 2021 it was 755 thousand rubles. In plans for 2021, this amount will increase to 991 thousand rubles.
In 2021, to calculate the salary fund, salaries for 2021 and 2021 are taken into account, i.e. two full calendar years preceding pregnancy.

How long does it take to go on maternity leave and its duration?

The first type (B&R leave) is strictly for the woman herself. To obtain it, you need a sick leave issued by the medical institution where the expectant mother is registered. Its onset dates back to 30 weeks after conception.

The sick leave itself can last from 140 to 194 days:

a total of 140 days (before and after birth, 70 days each);
the amount of 156 days (70 days before birth and an additional 16 days after birth to the already existing 70 days. In case of caesarean section, childbirth after artificial insemination, significant blood loss, and other reasons, the woman in labor rests a little longer. The maternity hospital extends the sick leave, no additional treatment is required need to.
194 days for multiple pregnancy. A woman with twins or triplets goes on vacation 14 days earlier than with a singleton. And after childbirth, the sick leave period is extended by another 40 days.

Be sure to notify the HR department of your case so that they can issue an order for additional leave. To do this, you need to provide extended sick leave and fill out an application for additional leave. vacation.

Duration

The total duration of maternity leave for pregnancy and childbirth consists of two parts (before and after childbirth), which are added up and determined as the total number of days.

The duration may vary due to living conditions or the complexity of childbirth, so these nuances must be taken into account.

Duration of OBiR

Payment terms	Total	Before giving birth	After childbirth
For most	140	70	70
In case of complicated labor	156	70	86
When more than one child is born	194	84	110
If a multiple pregnancy is detected during childbirth	194	70	124
For women living in the zone of eviction due to the Chernobyl disaster	160	90	70
For women living in the area of eviction due to the Chernobyl disaster with complicated childbirth	176	90	86
For women living in the zone of eviction due to the Chernobyl disaster upon the birth of twins	200	90	110

All listed periods of maternity leave are indicated on the sick leave certificate. A pregnant woman can voluntarily shorten her vacation, i.e. leave later than indicated in the documents, but due to this, the vacation dates do not move forward. In addition, social benefits are not paid for those days for which wages are accrued.

Procedure for calculating sick leave for pregnancy and childbirth

BiR leave is paid:

girls students;
unemployed women at the labor exchange;
dismissed upon liquidation of the organization;
women in military service;
employed employees.

Full-time female students have the right to academic leave and receive benefits from the educational institution. Its size is determined by the scholarship accepted at the given university. They have no right to expel students for absenteeism or poor academic performance. Payment is required even for those who study on a paid basis.

In other cases, the amount of the benefit depends on the length of work experience before pregnancy and the income of the last 2 years.

When an organization is liquidated, for example, due to debts or if an individual entrepreneur declares bankruptcy and ceases operations. It is important to understand that the law in this case is on the side of the woman in labor. The main thing is to immediately be registered with the employment center, thereby officially declaring that you are looking for a new job. Apply for benefits no later than one year after termination of the employment contract.

This type of payment can only be received through social security at the place of registration. This is because contributions from official income no longer go to the social insurance fund. The benefit is significantly less than that of a working mother-to-be.

Federal Law No. 81 of May 19, 1995 establishes a monthly amount of 300 rubles for those registered on the labor exchange. Thanks to the inflation index, this amount increased to 628.47 rubles. One day of sick leave costs (628.47 rubles/30 days) = 20.95 rubles. We get the following gradation:

140 days*20.95 rub. = 2,933.0 rub.
156 days* 20.95 rub. = 3,268.2 rub.
194 days* 20.95 rub. = 4,064.3 rub.

Please keep in mind that this type of government support is indexed starting in February of each year. Thus, the amount in 2019 will be higher.

In the case of maternity leave for an employee whose work experience is less than 6 months or this is her first job, as well as in a situation where maternity leave begins in the current year and there was no income for the last two years, the amount of the benefit will be determined from the minimum wage.

Since February 1 of this year, the minimum wage was 9,489 rubles, since May it was already 11,163 rubles, and in 2021 it will increase to 11,280 rubles.

Keep in mind that there is a minimum amount of sick leave on maternity leave based on the minimum wage, and the calculation is based on the federal value of this indicator, not the regional one.

What is the minimum for one-time financial assistance from the Social Insurance Fund? The following formula is used to obtain the amount of average daily earnings:

Formula for calculating average daily earnings based on the minimum wage

((minimum wage*24 (working days)/730 (sum of 2 calendar years)

If sick leave is open from January 1 to April 30, 2021, the amount will be:

RUB 9,489 First we multiply by 24, then divide by 730 = 311.97 rubles.
140 days of sick leave * 311.97 rub. = 43,675.8 rub.
156 days * 311.97 rub. = 48,667.32 rub.
194 days * 311.97 rub. = 60,522.18 rub.

From May 01, 2021 After the increase in the minimum wage, the payment increased.

RUB 11,163 multiply by 24, then divide by 730 = 367 rubles
normal pregnancy and childbirth 140 * 367 = 51,380 rubles.
complicated 156 * 367 = 57,252 rub.
twins/triplets 194*367 = 71,198 rub.

This is almost 20 times more than if a future mother’s job was eliminated.

In a situation where a woman worked for a full 2 years before going on maternity leave and is now actively working, it is necessary to calculate the amount of daily earnings. The woman in labor will be compensated for 100% of her earnings. Use this formula:

Formula for calculating average daily earnings based on income for the previous 2 years

Income for 2 years - amount for sick leave

730 (days in the billing period) – number of days on sick leave

Example 1:

Let's look at a simple case: a girl goes on maternity leave in June 2021. All earnings for 2021 are 750,000 rubles, for 2021 - 820,000 rubles after deducting sick pay. In 2021 I was sick for 12 days, in 2021 – 5 days.

(750 000 + 820 000)/ 730 – 12 – 5;
1,570,000/713 = 2,201.96 rubles.

But the law sets a limit on social insurance contributions. In 2021 it was 718,000, in 2021 - 755,000, in 2021 it will be 815,000 rubles. This means that the numerator cannot be greater than these amounts. And the denominator in case of exceeding the maximum will always be equal to 730 days. We get:

(718,000 + 755,000) / 730 = 2021.81 rubles.

In total, for the entire hospital stay, the mother in labor will receive:

140* 2021.81 = 282,493.4 rubles.
156* 2021.81 = 314,778.36 rubles.
194* 2021.81 = 391455, 14 rubles.

Features of accrual of sick leave for pregnancy and childbirth

Income from going on maternity leave is not subject to personal income tax, it is transferred on the day of the next salary, after sick leave is received, a maximum of 10 days is given for calculation, the funds are transferred from the social insurance fund.

Another important point is that if regional coefficients work for all the benefits listed above, then the BiR benefits are not multiplied by increasing coefficients. For example, workers in the Far North and residents of the Kuban will receive the same financial support.

According to the norms of the Labor Code of our country, when employing a woman preparing to become a mother in several places, each employer must give leave and pay the due benefits.

An important point is the opportunity for each employee to exercise the right to change years. This concession works if the employee was on maternity leave during the billing period. Thus, when you go on maternity leave again, you can choose the years with the highest earnings.

The unemployed are not entitled to this payment, since the Social Insurance Fund has not been replenished. Women military personnel receive a benefit amount that depends on the amount of their salary. It is calculated in the same way as for an employed mother. Military personnel also have additional social support in the form of:

early vouchers to kindergarten;
receiving food;
payment for children's meals in schools.

There is a unique benefit for the spouse of a military personnel. If their marriage is officially registered, the 6th month of pregnancy has begun, a one-time assistance of 26,539.76 rubles is due. It is also subject to indexing.

The state also supports citizens who have adopted a newborn. The main condition is that the court makes a decision before the baby is 3 months old. You can rest for 70 days after birth or adoption, or 110 days if there are already several children.

Calculation of maternity benefits in 2021, taking into account the minimum wage - examples of calculating maternity benefits

This indicator can be taken into account in several cases.

1. In the billing period, the citizen’s income is zero, or her average monthly income is less than the minimum wage

In this case, the calculation of average daily earnings is calculated based on the minimum wage indicators.

An example of calculation taking into account the minimum wage in 2021:

In May 2021, citizen Ivanova goes on maternity leave. Her actual earnings for 2 years amounted to 220 thousand rubles.

If you calculate the average monthly income, it will be equal to: 220,000 rubles. / 24 months = 9,166.66 rub. This amount is less than the minimum subsistence level - 9,489 rubles, in force in Russia in 2021, so we will take into account the minimum wage in the calculation.

So , first we calculate the average daily earnings with the minimum wage, it will be equal to 311.54 rubles.

And then you can multiply the received amount with the number of days allotted for vacation and get the amount of the benefit.

2.The employee worked for the company for less than six months

In this case, the calculation is made taking into account the minimum wage.

But note that the amount of benefits for a full calendar month - that is, in which there are 31 days - cannot be higher than the minimum wage.

For 2021 it is 9,489 rubles.

With daily earnings of 311.54 rubles. the benefit amount will exceed the minimum wage in months with 31 days.

That is , in January, March, May, July, August, October and December, the benefit is equal to 9657.74 rubles. (311.54 days × 31 days). This means that for these months you need to pay 9489 rubles.

In addition, the calculation may take into account coefficients and indicators for employee salaries that operate differently in different regions.

Procedure for calculating maternity leave

After the end of the sick leave period, the right to leave appears in which the child will be raised until the age of 3 years. The peculiarity is that such leave can be taken out by the grandmother, husband, grandfather, other relatives of the child or guardians who actually take care of him.

This type of vacation can be taken either all at once or in parts. The positive point is that those on this type of leave receive benefits from the Social Insurance Fund and work part-time or at home.

The Labor Code of the Russian Federation establishes the right to pauses for feeding a baby who is not yet 1.5 years old. The woman is given an additional half hour of rest every 3 hours. With an 8-hour working day, she has the right to take breaks or go home 1.5 hours earlier. These hours are also payable and are not excluded from the calculation of the average salary.

The law also allows all time spent on parental leave to be included in the length of service. During the first 3 years of the baby’s life, the mother can be sure that she will retain her job. It is important to know that for calculating a future pension, only the period of the first year and a half will be taken into account, since this leave is paid. The time from 1.5 to 3 years of a child does not count towards the insurance period. On April 1, 2014, a law was adopted that made it possible to include 4.5 years in the insurance period at the birth of 3 children, that is, 18 months for each. Previously, this period was 3 years.

Benefit calculation

There are two options for calculating monthly benefits:

For those making social security contributions
Unemployed, without official employment, a good salary, with little experience, after liquidation or standing in an employment center.

In the first case, you need the formula:

Formula for calculating monthly benefits for working citizens

Average earnings*30.4*40%

The law still sets a maximum amount of monthly assistance. We have already calculated the maximum amount of earnings per day, it is 2,017.81 rubles, we get 24,536.57 (2,017.81 * 30.4 * 40%). This amount is the payment limit.

Example 2:

Let's look at a specific example: a girl, having officially worked for the organization for 3 years, was going to go on maternity leave in November 2018. Salary for 2021 is 315,000 and for 2021 – 345,000, the amount of sick leave has already been deducted. In 2021 she was sick for 7 days, in 2017 she was not sick at all. How much monthly benefit is she due?

Let's calculate the average daily income

315,000+ 345,000/ 730-7 = 912.86 rub.

Let's calculate the amount of benefits for BiR

912.86*140 = 127,800 rub.

Let's calculate the monthly payment up to 1.5 years

912.86*30.4*0.4 = 11,100 rubles.

In the second case, we apply the minimum wage indicator, the formula is quite simple, 40% of the minimum wage is taken into account.

Formula for calculating monthly benefits for unemployed citizens

Minimum wage*40%

If a girl goes on maternity leave from the beginning of 2021 to April 30, the amount of the benefit will be:

9,489*0.4 = 3,795.6 rubles

If the maternity leave took place after the first of May 2021, the amount will be greater:

11,163*0.4 = 4,465.2 rubles.

Know that you have six months to qualify for this payment; the child should not be more than 1.5 years old after applying. This applies to a greater extent to the unemployed and unofficially employed, who may not be aware of the benefits they are entitled to from the Social Insurance Fund.

It is also worth noting that after the child reaches 1.5 years of age, a state benefit of 50 rubles is assigned. If you are over 3 years old, no payment is due.

How to calculate the amount of maternity leave?

Calculation of maternity benefits is carried out by the employer’s accounting department or social services. However, you can determine the amount of funds paid in connection with child care yourself. To do this, just use a special calculator or make simple calculations manually. The last method involves determining the average monthly earnings (“dirty”), dividing the indicated amount by 24 and multiplying the total by 0.4. It is worth remembering that the payment is not taxed in accordance with the law.

Necessary documents and sample applications for maternity leave

To formalize the start of maternity leave, the expectant mother is required to provide the accounting department with a sick note from the gynecology department, where she is served for the entire period. Next, in free form, express in writing your desire to arrange leave for the first part of the maternity leave. It is better to write 2 copies of the application due to disputes with the employer.

A woman has the right to go on maternity leave later than the period indicated on the sick leave; no one can force this. An application for maternity leave must contain the following information:

full indication of last name, first name, patronymic and position;
name of the organization and full name of the director;
request for leave;
request for payment;
information about sick leave (number and date);
employee’s signature, last name with initials and date.

Moreover, it is better to ask for leave and the required benefits at once in one application. This is what an example statement looks like:

Based on the sick leave and the application, the personnel officer creates a new leave order for B&R. The same procedure will follow after the end of the sick leave. From the next day, an order for parental leave may be issued to the employee. It might look like this:

To assign benefits, a copy of the birth certificate and a certificate from the husband’s employer that he is not using parental leave will be useful.

Sick leave

The main document ensuring the right to maternity leave is a maternity sick leave, which is issued at the antenatal clinic at the place of registration. The sick leave form was approved in 2011 (MSZR order No. 624n) and is valid to this day.

All columns on the sick leave sheet are filled out by the staff of the antenatal clinic. A woman receiving a document in her hands has the right to check the correctness of its completion, in particular such positions as:

FULL NAME,
date of issue,
date of birth,
name of place of work,
dates of sick leave (start and end),
presence of a mark on early registration,
presence of a doctor's signature and seal.

Despite the fact that the medical institution is responsible for the correctness and completeness of filling out, it is in the interests of the maternity leaver that all data on the sick leave sheet is immediately indicated correctly.

For your information

In 2021, the practice is to switch to electronic sick leave certificates, which health authorities will independently send to employers without handing them over to patients.

Additional benefits that an expectant mother may qualify for at the birth of a child

We considered only 2 options for cash payments that financially support the family due to a woman’s temporary disability associated with maternity. After birth, the right to receive other benefits arises:

One-time payment for early registration of pregnancy. You must make your first appointment at the antenatal clinic before the start of the first trimester, namely 12 weeks. The size is indexed annually and is now equal to 628.47 rubles. To receive it, you need to bring a specially issued certificate from where you are registered; it must have a clearly readable signature and seal.
A lump sum benefit at birth is based on a birth certificate and an application from one of the parents. The amount is 16,759.09 for each baby born in 2018.
Monthly assistance in the amount of the child's subsistence level in the region of residence is an innovation for 2021. The payment conditions are simple: you need to give birth to a child after January 1 of the current year and receive a salary below the official minimum, multiplied by 1.5. For example, if you live in the Chelyabinsk region, where the cost of living is set at 10,608 rubles, it turns out that your official income should not exceed 15,912 rubles. Then, until the age of one and a half years, you will be paid 10,221 rubles. additionally. Please note that when you replenish your family, this assistance is withdrawn from your maternity capital.
Monthly payment to a child whose father is undergoing military service . Started before the child’s third birthday and ends upon the expiration of the father’s conscription period. The amount of 11,374.18 rubles per person is paid in addition to all benefits.
Maternal capital. Issued upon the birth of a second or adopted second child. The denomination of the certificate is 453,026 rubles, which allows improving living conditions, mother’s pension, and educational services for children. Until a child turns 3 years old, you cannot manage maternity capital funds unless it concerns improving living conditions. The program has been extended until December 31, 2021. You can order a certificate from the Pension Fund or MFC.
A birth certificate is required for every expectant mother who has a compulsory medical insurance policy. It consists of 3 parts, because it pays for medical care services at the antenatal clinic, maternity hospital and clinic, where the baby will be observed until 1 year. Its face value is 11,000 rubles, 3,000 of which go to consultations, 6,000 go to the maternity hospital and 2,000 to the children's clinic. Funds are allocated from the federal budget to improve the quality of care provided during pregnancy, childbirth and pediatric monitoring of the baby.
A child tax deduction is applied annually , in the amount of 1,400 per month for each, if the family consists of one parent, then the amount doubles. At the birth of a third child, a deduction of 3,000 is due for him. The tax benefit is valid until adulthood and up to 24 years of age for a full-time student.
State support - intended for low-income families. Low-income is one where everyone's earnings do not reach the subsistence level. Help can be:
The Housing Code provides for social rental housing for low-income people. To do this, you need to receive benefits one by one. You can use the apartment for free.
subsidy for housing and communal services, if it is proven that more than 22% of the family budget is spent on receipts. It is valid for six months; in the absence of an increase in income, the right to a subsidy remains.
cash benefit for a low-income family with 3 or more children. Due in the equivalent of the child's subsistence level. The amount is determined by the region of residence. For example, for residents of Mordovia it is equal to 6,646 rubles, for Nenets it is 17,817 rubles. It is paid every month until the age of 3 years, you must confirm your status annually.
New mortgage program for families with 2 children, the state is obliged to co-finance the interest rate up to 6% during the first 3 years. If there was an addition to the family by 3 children after the beginning of the current year and until the end of 2021, then co-financing lasts 5 years. Housing properties under construction purchased from a legal entity are suitable for this.
Special benefits have been developed for families with 3 children. Let us immediately make a reservation that in each region the concept of a large family is different, and accordingly the assistance provided is different. All details are in Presidential Decree No. 431, dated 05/05/1992. We have already indicated the cash benefit in paragraph 8, and it is also stipulated:
full exemption or payment of part of the transport tax. A personal application to the tax office is required.
“regional” maternity capital, a cash payment from 25,000 to more than one hundred thousand rubles, which can be used for a new car, land or treatment of offspring.
The governor's allowance is legally enshrined in those regions of the country where there are poor demographic indicators. These are over 50 constituent entities of the Russian Federation, not counting the southern territories. The size of the payment is determined by the specific region independently, depending on the level of the subsistence minimum. For example, in the Chelyabinsk region 2,000 rubles are paid for the fact of birth. St. Petersburg residents will receive 21,500 upon the birth of their first child, while the second will receive 28,600. For Muscovites, a large financial payment is provided if you fall into the category of a young family; no one is yet 30 years old. There is a connection between the subsistence level (LS) and this benefit. Now in Moscow it is a multiple of 16,160 rubles. The amounts are:
7 times the size (113,200) for the second;
for the third and subsequent – 10 PM payments – (161,600)
Compensation for long-term admission to kindergarten. Until now, a complete list or amount of compensation for each region of Russia has not been adopted at the federal level. But there are separate decisions on the payment of this type of assistance in some regions of our homeland. For example, in Perm, from one and a half to three years old, the amount is 5,295 rubles, from three to 6 years old - 4,490 rubles. It is better to independently contact the social security authority in your area and find out about the compensation due.

Thus, maternity leave not only gives you the opportunity to become parents, but also to feel significant support from the state.

Law on payments to the unemployed

Payment for maternity leave for pregnancy and childbirth is made on the basis of sick leave and is provided so that the woman does not have to work in the last months before giving birth. Since unemployed women do not need such leave, they are deprived of social benefits issued in lieu of wages.

IMPORTANT

An exception is provided for women who have lost their jobs as a result of bankruptcy of an enterprise or job cuts. If this dismissal occurred no earlier than a year before the due date for maternity leave, then the unemployed receive sick leave benefits.

In 2021, the amounts of such benefits are:

for those dismissed due to bankruptcy - the same as for those employed, i.e. 40% of average monthly earnings for the previous 2 years;
for those dismissed due to the liquidation of the enterprise, the monthly payment amount for 140 days will be 613.14 rubles per month;
students are entitled to a stipend payment.

Unemployed women are entitled to all other payments, except maternity leave, if they are registered with the employment fund.

In this case, the following is paid:

allowance for early registration 613.14 rubles;
a one-time payment - 16,350.33 rubles, which can be received by a working father or, in his absence, a non-working mother who applies to the social insurance fund;
monthly allowance until the child turns 1.5 years old.

If an unemployed woman is not registered with the unemployment fund and does not apply for benefits within the established time frame, then she will lose it.

Reimbursement of maternity payments from the Social Insurance Fund: when made, terms of reimbursement, required documents

Cases for reimbursement of benefits directly from the Social Insurance Fund:

there is a pilot project of the Social Insurance Fund “Direct Payments” in the region;
the employer does not want or cannot pay the woman the benefits required by law.

It is important that you must contact the Social Insurance Fund at least six months after your leave under the BiR.

In the first case, everything is simple: the pregnant woman receives sick leave from the gynecologist and fills out an application for leave to submit to the employer using a single form. All other actions are the responsibility of the employer.

Photo gallery: new unified application form for payments through the Social Insurance Fund

Sheet 1 of the application is the title page, it indicates the applicant’s personal data

Sheet 2 of the application for payments through the Social Insurance Fund is intended for calculating the amount of the benefit

Sheet 3 of the application must be certified by the signature of the official who accepted the application

If a woman has more than one place of work, she can submit a new application form through any of the employers - the FSS will directly assign benefits based on all her places of earnings and pay it in one amount.

If a pregnant woman is denied benefits, and the region is not one of those where the Direct Payments project operates, then the woman needs to:

file a lawsuit for legal recognition of the impossibility of receiving B&R benefits from the employer;
wait for a positive court decision to enter into force;
submit to the territorial body of the Social Insurance Fund at the place of registration of the employer an application for the assignment of maternity benefits with an extract from the court decision and a package of necessary documents provided for in the general case.

The benefit will be calculated from the average earnings of the employee based on a certificate from the employer. If the employer does not provide the pregnant woman with a certificate, the Social Insurance Fund will independently make a request to the Pension Fund about her income.

What benefits are provided to pregnant women before maternity leave?

Every pregnant citizen of the Russian Federation has the right to state benefits, which she receives if the following conditions are met:

She remains at any stage of gestation.
She consulted a gynecologist, who confirmed the presence of pregnancy.
She registered (registered) at the clinic at her place of permanent registration.

Each pregnant woman, regardless of the fact of employment, is entitled to a one-time benefit if she is registered with a medical organization in the first trimester of pregnancy, i.e. up to 12 weeks (Article 3 and Article 9 of 81-FZ of May 19, 1995).

This benefit is paid from the regional Social Insurance Fund. The benefit amount from 02/01/2018 is 628.47 rubles.

Another preferential payment to pregnant women is a one-time allowance for the wives of military personnel serving on conscription (Article 14.2 81-FZ of May 19, 1995). The amount of such a one-time benefit from 02/01/2018 is 26,539 rubles 76 kopecks.

An option for benefits for pregnant women can be considered the preferential options for working hours provided for by the Labor Code of the Russian Federation, which reduce workload, fatigue, and eliminate harm to the health of the pregnant child.

A certificate about the need to transfer a pregnant employee to light work is given by a gynecologist. The pregnant woman submits an application for transfer to the employer accompanied by such a certificate. Light work implies the absence of contact with harmful substances, an individual work schedule (Article 49 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation), which implies the ability to shift the hours of the working day.

The right to an individual schedule even gives the expectant mother the opportunity to reduce the length of her working day or week. Of course, with such a change in the schedule, the pregnant woman is paid for the time actually worked. It is important that this will not lead to a reduction in the duration of annual leave.

The following are completely contraindicated for pregnant women:

lifting weights;
contact with chemicals and x-rays;
work on night shifts.

So, a pregnant employee can write an application for transfer to work only on the day shift (Labor Code of the Russian Federation, Article 96), transfer from hazardous or physically demanding production to easier work. In such cases, the preservation of average earnings is provided (Labor Code of the Russian Federation, Article 254). No one has the right to prevent a pregnant woman from visiting doctors (Article 254 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation). In this case, the time spent visiting a doctor must also be paid according to average earnings, if the employee has provided a certificate.

Important: dismissal of pregnant women is illegal (Article 261 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation). Refusal to hire pregnant women is also prohibited by law.

If you are pregnant and they are trying to fire you, do not despair, but stand up for your rights

How to take sick leave during pregnancy

If a pregnant woman experiences symptoms that are not related to her situation, such as a runny nose, she should see a GP. He, of course, should be notified of your pregnancy if the due date is not yet very noticeable outwardly.

Any doctor, for example, a therapist, an ophthalmologist, a neurologist, can give a sick leave to a pregnant woman according to his indications, depending on the complaints that the woman came with.

Pregnant women turn to a gynecologist due to symptoms characteristic specifically of pregnancy:

dizziness;
fatigue;
drowsiness or insomnia;
leg cramps;
swelling;
nausea and vomiting;
nagging pain in the abdomen;
vaginal discharge.

The gynecologist will determine how strongly these symptoms affect the woman’s health and the risk of miscarriage. Previously, a gynecologist had the right to issue a certificate of incapacity for work for a long period with such a diagnosis as “toxicosis of pregnancy” and “threat of miscarriage”. Now the rules have changed. With such diagnoses, the gynecologist refers to the hospital, where they issue a certificate of incapacity for work, which, if necessary, can last for the entire period of gestation.

A certificate of incapacity for work for pregnancy and childbirth is issued on a standard form