How to record property insurance costs

Property insurance refers to property insurance along with liability and business risks insurance (Article 929 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation).

Such insurance is mandatory if the conditions and procedure for its implementation are determined by federal laws on specific types of compulsory insurance. However, there are no laws on compulsory property insurance yet.

This procedure is provided for in paragraphs 2 and 4 of Article 3 of the Law of November 27, 1992 No. 4015-1.

Accounting for insurance transactions

Accounting for settlements for property and personal insurance is carried out using account 76 “Settlements with various debtors and creditors” subaccount 1 “Settlements for property and personal insurance”.
In the debit of account 76, subaccount 1 reflects the transfer of amounts of insurance payments to insurance organizations, write-off of losses due to insured events, amounts of insurance compensation due under an insurance contract to employees of the organization. On the credit of account 76, subaccount 1 “Calculations for property and personal insurance” reflects the amount of insurance compensation received by the organization from insurance organizations in accordance with insurance contracts. Analytical accounting for account 76 subaccount 1 “Calculations for property and personal insurance” is carried out for insurers and individual insurance contracts. In the accounting of an organization, insurance transactions are reflected in four stages:

• 1) calculation of the amount of the insurance premium;
• 2) transfer of this amount to the insurance organization;
• 3) reflection in accounting of the occurrence of an insured event and the insurance compensation due;
• 4) reflection in the accounting of receipt of insurance compensation.

Let's look at these stages in more detail.

Calculation of the insurance premium amount. In accordance with the concluded agreement with the insurance organization, the insured enterprise becomes obligated to pay insurance premiums (payments).

The calculated amounts of insurance payments are reflected in the credit of subaccount 76-1 “Calculations for property and personal insurance” in correspondence with the accounts of production costs (selling expenses) or other sources of insurance payments. According to the law, the cost of products, goods, works and services includes expenses for property insurance of objects directly involved in the production process, liability insurance of organizations that are a source of increased danger, insurance against accidents and illnesses, medical and pension insurance under contracts with non-state pension funds.

Let's look at accounting using the example of property insurance. If property that is used in the production activities of the organization is insured, then the accrued amounts of insurance payments are included in the cost of products (works, services) or as part of sales expenses. This operation is reflected by the entry:

D 20 “Main production”, 25 “General production expenses”, 26 “General business expenses”, 44 “Sales expenses” - K 76-1 “Calculations for property and personal insurance”.

If property is insured that is used for purposes not related to production activities, then the amount of insurance payments is accrued by recording:

D 91-2 “Other expenses” - K 76-1 “Calculations for property and personal insurance.”

It should be noted that the calculation of insurance payments and their inclusion in the cost of products (works, services) is carried out by the organization only after the insurance contract comes into force. If this period is not specified in the contract, the contract comes into force after payment of the insurance premium.

The costs of insuring fixed assets in the process of their creation or acquisition are included in their initial cost by recording:

D 08 “Investments in non-current assets” - K 76-1 “Calculations for property and personal insurance”.

The costs of insuring inventories are included in their original (actual) cost and are reflected in the entry:

D 10 “Materials”, 15 “Procurement and acquisition of material assets”, 41 “Goods” - K 76-1 “Calculations for property and personal insurance”.

According to sub. 7 clause 3 art. 149 of the Tax Code, the provision of insurance services is not subject to VAT.

An enterprise can enter into a property insurance contract for a long period of time, for example 3 years, with an insurance premium paid in advance for the entire insurance period. In this case, when assigning insurance payments to the cost of products (works, services), one should be guided by the Accounting Regulations PBU 1/98 “Accounting Policy of the Organization”. In accordance with this document, the facts of the organization’s economic activities relate to the reporting period in which they occurred, regardless of the time of receipt or payment of funds associated with them.

Based on the foregoing, it is advisable to take into account the amount of insurance premiums for long-term insurance contracts in account 97 “Deferred expenses” by recording:

D97 “Future expenses” - K 76-1 “Calculations for property and personal insurance.”

Subsequently, the amounts reflected in the debit of account 97 are written off to cost accounting accounts by writing:

D 20 “Main production”, 25 “General production expenses”, 26 “General business expenses”, 44 “Sales expenses” - K 97 “Deferred expenses”.

The payment of the amount of insurance payments to the insurance organization is reflected by the entry:

D 76-1 “Calculations for property and personal insurance” - K 50 “Cash”, 51 “Cash accounts”.

Reflection in accounting of the occurrence of an insured event and the insurance compensation due from the insurance company depends on the type of damage received, which may be due to the following factors:

• ? disposal of fixed and working capital lost or damaged as a result of various adverse events;
• ? interruptions (downtime) in the production activities of the organization;
• ? loss of work ability by the organization’s employees, as well as the need to compensate them for the costs of restoring their health;
• ? compensation by the organization for harm caused to individuals and legal entities during the implementation of its business activities.

Write-off of losses due to insured events (destruction and damage to inventories, finished products and other material assets, etc.) is reflected as a disposal of insured property by records:

D 76-1 “Calculations for property and personal insurance” - K 01 subaccount “Disposal of fixed assets”, 10 “Materials”, 43 “Finished products”, 50 “Cash desk”, etc.

If the property damaged as a result of an insured event can be repaired, then the associated costs are also covered by the insurance compensation. To reflect this, an entry is made in accounting:

D 76-1 “Calculations for property and personal insurance” - K 20 “Main production”, 25 “General production expenses”, 26 “General business expenses”, 44 “Sale expenses”.

If, under the terms of the insurance contract, losses or part of losses are not subject to compensation from insurance compensation, then they are considered other expenses of the organization. An entry is made for the amount of such losses:

D 91-2 “Other expenses” - K 76-1 “Calculations for property and personal insurance.”

If the amount of insurance compensation exceeds the organization's actual losses from damage or loss of property, then the amount of such excess is considered other income. An entry is made for the amount of this excess:

D 76-1 “Calculations for property and personal insurance” - K 91-1 “Other income”.

Reflection in accounting for receipt of insurance compensation. The amount of insurance compensation received by an organization from insurance organizations in accordance with insurance contracts is reflected in accounting by the entry:

D 50 “Cashier”, 51 “Cash accounts” - K 76-1 “Calculations for property and personal insurance”.

Example 15.1.

OJSC "Corvette" insured the premises of the production workshop in case of fire. The insurance payment amounted to 50,000 rubles. It was transferred non-cash to the insurance organization. In accordance with the contract, the amount of insurance compensation upon the occurrence of an insured event should be 440,000 rubles.

During the validity period of the insurance contract, a fire broke out in the workshop and the warehouse premises were damaged. The insurance organization paid the amount of insurance compensation in accordance with the contract in full.

The costs of OJSC "Corvette" for the repair of the workshop premises were: for materials - 300,000 rubles, for wages - 50,000 rubles, unified social tax - 13,000 rubles, contribution for social insurance against industrial accidents and occupational diseases - 600 rub.

Reflect in the accounting of JSC Corvette operations on property insurance, receipt and use of insurance compensation.

The solution is given in table. 15.1. The subaccount numbers in the tables are given in accordance with the working chart of accounts, which is given in the Appendix.

Table 15.1

Journal of business transactions of Korvet LLC

With the development of technology and the increase in the speed of delivery of goods, the world seems to be becoming smaller. It has long ceased to be a problem to order part of the assortment from Europe, another part from Asia, and even bring something from America. However, some aspects of accounting remain quite difficult, especially if you are a novice accountant or even manage the documents of a small enterprise yourself. In this article we will analyze logistics issues in accounting and pay special attention to accounting entries for cargo insurance, as well as their forwarding.

Accounting for OSAGO and CASCO policies: postings

Car insurance is the most common type of insurance, which involves obtaining OSAGO (compulsory), DSAGO (voluntary insurance) and CASCO (death and theft) insurance policies. Every year, businesses that use transport buy insurance. They are taken into account in a special way. Expenses according to compulsory motor liability insurance, it must be taken into account as a police department. To account for costs, it would be optimal to use account 97 “Exp. future periods" (FBP), since one-time expenses incurred will no longer be included in subsequent OP.

Example of accounting for payment to a joint venture:

SV is paid and is written off evenly to expense accounts 44, 26 while the DS is in force.

Documents for an accountant keeping records of logistics operations

There are two types of documents that an accountant keeping records of logistics activities must be familiar with: general and private. The list of general ones includes the second part of the tax code, and the provision “Accounting for inventories” of PBU 5/01 of 2001, and methodological instructions. Private documents come into play when specific transactions need to be carried out. Thus, when delivering cargo by a transport company, accounting is kept on the basis of the following documents:

• Federal Law “On transport and forwarding activities” No. 87-FZ dated June 30, 2003;
• rules of transport and forwarding activities approved by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of September 8, 2006 No. 554;
• Civil Code of the Russian Federation, in particular Chapter 41 “Transport expedition”;
• Order of the Ministry of Transport dated February 11, 2008 No. 23 “On approval of the Procedure for registration and forms of forwarding documents.”

If we are talking about forwarding, it is also important to obtain documents on the basis of which a specific operation will be carried out. They include an order to the forwarder, forwarding and warehouse receipts, as well as a transport expedition agreement, which specifies the role of the transport company: intermediary or service provider.

International shipping

The growth of goods turnover at the international level stimulates carriers to carry out international transportation.

On such trips, the cargo is subject to dangers and unforeseen delays due to disagreements with representatives of the law of another country. To protect transported property from such situations, international insurance has been approved throughout the world.

The regulations for the activities of insurers at the international level are carried out by the Incoterms collection of rules. Any cargo can be insured, regardless of the nature of transportation. If the route of property passes through several countries, then insurance against all kinds of risks is more often used. Each participant in the transportation agreement insures the cargo in the entrusted territory.

General principles of forwarding transactions

When ordering freight forwarding and insurance, accounting and tax accounting can be carried out in various ways. Choosing the right option often depends on whether you are buying or selling an item. If you buy, you can make the postings as follows:

1. Include in the original cost of the entire batch. If several types of goods are delivered at once, transportation costs are divided proportionally among all classes of goods. Transportation costs in this case are reflected in the inventory account depending on the group of goods. This method is ideal if you know exactly how much it took for delivery. Typically used when ordering one type of product.
2. Summarize on a separate sub-account. The detail may vary, it all depends on your company and accounting policies. It is only important to correctly determine the amount of funds written off, which is calculated on the basis of the average percentage of transportation and procurement costs and the amount of disposed inventory. The formula is as follows: Expenses written off = amount of inventory disposed of X average percentage of expenses: 100%. In this case, the average percentage is calculated according to the following formula ((Balance of expenses at the beginning of the month + expenses incurred during the month): (balance of inventory + amount of received inventory)) x 100%. The data is calculated without taking into account internal movements within warehouses.

For each category of goods, the company has the right to establish its own accounting method depending on the specifics of the purchase of a particular product.

If it is necessary to make an entry for sales, freight forwarding and other services related to the transportation of goods are recorded in sales expenses and reflected in account 93. Transportation costs between internal warehouses of the enterprise fall into the same category.

In the case where the customer of the forwarding agent or insurance is an intermediary and does not receive the goods at his warehouse, in order to post them it is necessary to determine whether the costs are incurred during the acquisition or during the sale of the goods. Further amounts are posted either as sales expenses or as transportation expenses to the place of use.

Also, two accounting methods can be used for the same cargo. This trick is often used when ordering goods from abroad. All expenses before customs are included in the initial cost of the goods, and transportation within the territory of your country is included in sales costs.

Accounting for payments under basic agreements with policyholders

The organization makes insurance payments when insured events occur. They may relate to various areas:

• Property (payments are made in cases of theft, flooding and other damage).
• Medicine (payments in case of illness).
• Auto (payments in case of car theft).

How is accounting carried out when insuring the leased asset by the lessee (sublessee)?

Insurance payments are formed from the totality of all proceeds from people who have entered into an insurance agreement with the organization. Payments are recorded on account 22. Information about them is collected in registers. Analytical accounting is carried out in the context of agreement forms and policyholders. Information is recorded in accounting on the date of occurrence of insurance rights.

Cargo insurance and accounting

In accounting, cargo insurance during transportation is always included in the total cost of the goods or in sales expenses. This mainly applies to situations where insurance is a separate line in payment documents. Here's an example:

The company paid TC the invoice for transportation and received an invoice and a statement for an incomplete amount. The remaining amount was included in the forwarder's report. The full amount was indicated in the forwarding receipt.

In this case, the forwarder is an intermediary who insures the cargo on behalf of the client and reports on it (the forwarder's report can be considered the agent's report). You can incur expenses based on the forwarder's report.

But a much more common situation is when the logistics company takes on insurance costs and includes them in the final cost of transportation. In this case, insurance does not need to be recorded somewhere separately.

Of course, you can refuse insurance altogether, but for international shipments such a decision is fraught with problems, because insurance is not only an additional expense, but an additional guarantee that losses will be compensated.

Accounting for insurance for airline tickets

Registration of business trips for company employees is accompanied by the purchase of air tickets and the provision of SNA (accident insurance). Strakh. fee (DC) is included in the cost of tickets.

Important! Employees who have the right to free travel within the territory of Russia do not pay SV, although personal insurance is required for them.

Example 2. The amount of CB issued to a business traveler for the purchase of tickets is drawn up as follows: Dt 71 Kt 50-1 “Enterprise cash desk”.

Compulsory insurance of company property

First, let's look at the costs of compulsory insurance of a company's property, and then we'll find out why difficulties actually arise. So, if a company incurs costs for compulsory (established by the law of the Russian Federation) insurance, such costs should be included in other expenses. In this case, the limits of insurance rates are taken into account (those are approved in accordance with the requirements of international conventions and Russian laws).

And now to the difficulties - often difficulties are caused by the interpretation of the concept of “compulsory insurance”. Thus, insurance premiums of the insurer (insurance premiums) for compulsory insurance are recognized as costs for which it is allowed to reduce the tax base for income tax (in accordance with Article 263 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation), only if the current legislation of the Russian Federation defines:

• property objects that are subject to compulsory insurance;
• the minimum amount of the insurer's insurance premium;
• risks against which property must be insured.

In this case, the insurer must have a license for the type of insurance in question. Cm.:

• Letter of the Ministry of Taxes and Taxes of the Russian Federation dated 09.09.2004 No. 02-4-10/252 “On the recognition of insurance expenses for profit tax purposes”;
• clause 3 art. 3, paragraph 2 art. 32 of the Federal Law of November 27, 1992 No. 4015-1 “On the organization of insurance business in the Russian Federation”;
• Art. 936 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation.

Example - property insurance incurred costs for compulsory insurance of the company's property in accordance with the current laws of the Russian Federation in the reporting period in the amount of 125 thousand rubles. Tariffs for insurance of this type of property are not approved at the legislative level.

Since the tariffs for compulsory insurance of company property are not approved by law, the costs incurred are allowed to be included in expenses in order to reduce income tax in full (in the amount of 125 thousand rubles).

Insurance of company property – vehicles

If a company owns vehicles, it is subject to Federal Law No. 40-FZ dated April 25, 2002, according to the instructions of which vehicle owners must insure the risks of civil liability in case of harm to life, health, or property of third parties during the operation of cars and other vehicles.

The text of the mentioned law provides a complete list of conditions put forward by the tax service in order to consider the conclusion of an insurance contract mandatory. Therefore, the costs of purchasing compulsory motor liability insurance can be included in the costs of compulsory insurance.

Civil liability insurance for the operation of hazardous facilities

There have been many cases where the Federal Tax Service refused to accept the costs of compulsory civil liability insurance for companies whose activities operate hazardous facilities. The justifications for this were as follows.

Mandatory liability insurance for damage to enterprises operating hazardous production facilities is provided for in Article 15 of Federal Law No. 116-FZ of July 21, 1997. However, according to the Federal Tax Service of the Russian Federation, this legislative act does not meet the requirements mentioned above. In particular, insurers do not have licenses that would be issued specifically for the provision of civil liability insurance when using dangerous objects.

But nowadays it is possible and necessary to argue with the tax authorities. At the time when the Federal Tax Service cited the above justifications, refusing to reduce the taxable base for income tax, Federal Law No. 255-FZ of July 27, 2010, which contains a list of dangerous objects, the amount of insurance contributions and other conditions, had not yet been issued. concluding a compulsory insurance contract.

After this law came into force, the tax service lost its grounds for refusing to reduce the tax base for income tax. Moreover, the Letter of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation dated January 18, 2016 No. 03-03-06/1/1119 states that the costs of compulsory insurance can be taken into account as part of the company’s expenses for tax accounting purposes if we are talking about civil liability insurance owner of a dangerous facility for causing damage to the property of third parties, health and life of citizens due to an accident at this facility.

Example – insurance of company property related to hazardous objects

SEC "Master Farmer" owns warehouses intended for storing raw materials. These warehouses, in accordance with the current laws of the Russian Federation, were classified as hazardous facilities. The company had to enter into a compulsory civil liability insurance agreement and incur costs in the amount of 60 thousand rubles.

In accordance with sub. "g" clause 1 art. 6 of Federal Law No. 255-FZ of July 27, 2010, the insured amount under a compulsory insurance agreement for other dangerous objects is 10 million rubles.

At the same time, the base rate of insurance tariffs (annual) (as a percentage of the insured amount) for raw materials warehouses (line 7.10) is 0.285 - according to the Directives of the Bank of Russia dated December 19, 2016 No. 4234-U.

The insurance rate coefficient for this enterprise is 1.

Let's calculate the approved tariff: 10,000,000 rub. x 0.285% = 28,500 rubles.

It is 28,500 rubles that will be accepted by the tax service in order to reduce the tax base for the company’s income tax. And the difference between the actual expenses of the SEC “Master Farmer” and the approved tariff will not be accepted for profit tax purposes: 60,000 rubles. – 28,500 rub. = 31,500 rubles.

Voluntary insurance of company property

Article 263 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation provides a complete list of costs that are allowed to be classified as expenses for voluntary insurance of company property. Such costs should be included in other expenses in order to reduce the tax base for income tax (in the amount of actual expenses incurred). It is worth paying attention to the following Letters from the Ministry of Finance and the Tax Service:

1. Letter of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation dated December 8, 2017 No. 03-03-06/1/81913 (it states that insurance costs are allowed to be classified as expenses in order to reduce income tax if insurance of financial and business risks is a prerequisite for the implementation of company of economic activity provided for by the current laws of the Russian Federation).
2. Letter of the Federal Tax Service of the Russian Federation dated October 15, 2009 No. 3-2-09/ [email protected] (the text of the letter states that if the customer (authorized body) put forward a requirement to ensure the execution of a municipal/state contract, then insurance contributions under the liability insurance contract under the contract can be taken into account when calculating income tax on the basis of sub-clause 10, clause 1 of Article 263 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation. But there is a condition - this type of security for the execution of the contract should not be excluded by the tender documentation).

Important! If the type of insurance is not included in the list of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation, it is not permissible to accept costs for tax accounting purposes.

Accounting for construction and installation risks

Violations, even minor ones, in the construction industry can cause the collapse of elements and even the entire building. To reduce the cost of their restoration, contract agreements are being built. installation risks (DS, construction and installation works). For the contracting firm, costs are the costs of the work performed under the agreement. Construction and installation work insurance is carried out as a police department. Based on the Accounting Regulations (PBU 10/99), they add up to the cost of work. Costs are recognized in the report. the period when construction and installation works were carried out, and not when money was paid.

Example 3. An enterprise transfers money to the insurer under an agreement drawn up for a year, then the funds are included in the RBP, and then for the period of validity of the insurance policy they must be written off as expenses.

Insurance of company property - reflection of expenses in tax accounting

According to paragraph 6 of Art. 272 Tax Code of the Russian Federation:

• under the terms of the insurance contract (non-state pension provision), insurance (pension) contributions are made as a one-time payment;
• For contracts concluded for a period of more than 1 reporting period, costs are recognized evenly over the term of the contract in proportion to the number of calendar days of the contract in the reporting period.

The reporting periods for income tax are:

• first quarter;
• half year;
• nine months of the calendar year.

Accordingly, any period that turns out to be more than 3 months (quarter) goes beyond one reporting period. This means that the taxpayer has an obligation to take into account the costs incurred in proportion to the number of calendar days of the agreement in the reporting period.

Often, insurance companies allow clients to pay for services in installments - and then the costs for each insurance payment will be recognized evenly over the period corresponding to the period for payment of premiums (month, quarter, half-year, year), in proportion to the number of calendar days of the contract in the reporting period. It is important that the contract with the insurer clearly states the period for which insurance premiums are paid. If the insurance premium is paid in installments, and the period for which this payment is made is not specified, this contribution can be taken into account at the end of each reporting period based on the number of calendar days in such reporting period and the corresponding part of the insurance premium. See Letter of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation dated April 13, 2018 No. 03-03-06/1/24595.

basic information

Before discussing the need for insurance, you should become familiar with this concept in more detail. Cargo insurance is a property insurance option aimed at:

• safety;
• protection of the rights and interests of the owner;
• speeding up resolution of disputes;
• minimizing losses.

In the Russian Federation, intermediary organizations refuse to cooperate if the goods are not insured. This approach is explained by the fact that in the event of unforeseen circumstances, losses are compensated by the carrier (unless the contrary is proven).

If there is a policy, compensation for damage is made by the insurer, and voluntary insurance makes it possible to think through and indicate insured situations in advance.

Answers to common questions about company property insurance

Question No. 1: Are there any plans in the near future to expand the list of cases in which it is necessary to conclude compulsory insurance contracts?

Answer: Yes, the Russian Government is considering options such as compulsory insurance or issuing a financial guarantee in case of information leakage. In addition, the possibility of insuring workers against job loss is being discussed.

Question No. 2: Is it possible to estimate the costs of paying insurance contributions for compulsory pension insurance, social insurance in case of temporary disability and in connection with maternity in relation to Article 263 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation?

Answer: This makes no sense, since the costs you mentioned are already taken into account in order to reduce the tax base for income tax on an independent basis. See Letter of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation dated June 14, 2016 No. 03-03-06/1/34409, sub. 1, 45 p. 1 art. 264 Tax Code of the Russian Federation.

Question No. 3: What to do if tariffs for compulsory insurance are not approved?

Answer: In this case, compulsory insurance costs should be included in expenses in the amount of actual costs incurred.

Accounting for reinsurance

Reinsurance is the transfer of obligations to protect against risks. It is assumed that these obligations are transferred from one organization to another. That is, a person enters into an agreement with one organization. She will be considered the primary insured. It is she who is responsible to clients. She also accepts various insurance claims.

If reinsurance is carried out, these transactions become relevant:

• DT92/4 KT77/4. Premium aimed at reinsurance.
• DT77/4 KT91/1. Money received from the reinsurer.
• DT77/4 KT77/6. Money deposited under agreements submitted to reinsurance.

The reinsurance agreement is a separate contract. The reinsurer makes payments only in the amounts established by the contract. Amounts above the limit are paid by the primary insurer.

Paid the insurance premium

The cost of the policy is the insurance premium. If we are talking about compulsory insurance, then the tariffs are determined by the state. But the parties agree among themselves on the cost of voluntary insurance.

In accounting, calculations for car insurance (both compulsory and voluntary) must be carried out in a separate subaccount “Calculations for property and personal insurance” of account 76. On this subaccount, keep analytical records depending on the types of insurance.

On the date of payment of the insurance premium, record the advance payment. Insurance costs are recognized in accounting from the date the insurance contract comes into force. If such a date is not provided for in the contract, then it is considered to have entered into force at the time of payment of the insurance premium (Article 957 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation).

As a rule, an insurance contract is concluded for a period exceeding one month. In this case, write off the insurance premium as expenses on a monthly basis in proportion to the duration of the contract. The term of the insurance contract does not exceed one month? Then include the insurance premium as part of the costs in the month when the insurance contract came into force.

It happens that the insurance contract is not valid from the first day of the month. In this situation, calculate the amount of expenses to be written off in proportion to the number of remaining days of the month.

Income tax

For income tax purposes, expenses for property and liability insurance are other (Article 263 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation). Expenses for compulsory insurance can be written off strictly within the limits of tariffs approved by the state.

A special situation with voluntary property insurance. It is allowed to take into account only expenses for those types of insurance that are provided for in paragraph 1 of Article 263 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation. For example, this is voluntary insurance of transport, cargo, fixed assets, inventory items, etc. Payments for voluntary insurance policies should be taken into account when calculating income tax as part of other expenses. And in full.

How to write off an insurance premium in tax accounting

Example A company bought a car. Before picking up the car from the showroom, we paid by payment order for an annual (from April 28, 2015 to April 27, 2021) OSAGO policy in the amount of RUB 13,680. In addition, we decided to conclude an insurance contract against damage and theft also for the period from April 28, 2015 to April 27, 2021. The insurance premium under the CASCO contract is 90,000 rubles. - transferred in non-cash form. Both insurances were paid at once on April 28.

On this day, the accountant made the following entries: DEBIT 76 subaccount “Expenses under MTPL agreements” CREDIT 51 – 13,680 rubles. – the insurance premium under the MTPL agreement is transferred;

DEBIT 76 subaccount “Expenses under CASCO agreements” CREDIT 51 – 90,000 rub. – the insurance premium under the CASCO agreement is transferred.

Then, on April 30, the accountant made the following entries: DEBIT 26 CREDIT 76 subaccount “Expenses under MTPL agreements” – 112.44 rubles. (RUB 13,680: 365 days x 3 days) – the cost of the insurance premium under the MTPL agreement for April 2015 was expensed;

DEBIT 26 CREDIT 76 subaccount “Expenses under CASCO agreements” – 739.73 rubles. (RUB 90,000: 365 days x 3 days) – the cost of the insurance premium under the CASCO agreement for April 2015 was expensed.

The company calculates income tax on a monthly basis based on the actual profit received. Therefore, the accountant took into account the same amounts in April expenses as in accounting.

The accountant will make similar entries at the end of each month while the insurance contract is valid. That is, May 31, June 30, etc. Only you need to take into account not 3 days, but the number of days in the corresponding month. For example, for May it is 31 days, and for June it is 30 days. But in April 2021 there are only 27 days to count. After all, on April 27, the contracts end.

If the company has entered into a voluntary motor liability insurance agreement, reflect the expenses in the accounting records as usual. That is, in a separate subaccount of account 76. But when calculating income tax, it is impossible to take into account the costs of voluntary motor third party liability insurance.

According to inspectors, such costs do not reduce the income tax base. After all, the costs of voluntary liability insurance are taken into account when calculating income tax if the condition for such insurance is dictated by international requirements and is necessary for the organization to conduct business (subclauses 8 and 10 of clause 1 of Article 263 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation). For example, if an organization cannot use a company car on the territory of a foreign state without concluding a voluntary motor liability insurance agreement. In other cases, the costs of voluntary liability insurance are considered economically unjustified.

Due to differences in accounting and tax treatment of voluntary insurance costs, a constant difference arises. It is necessary to calculate the permanent tax liability from it (clauses 4 and 7 of PBU 18/02).

“Unified” tax on the simplified tax system

If an organization pays a simplified tax on income, then the cost of property insurance will not affect its tax obligations in any way. Companies that have chosen the “income minus expenses” object can only take into account the costs of purchasing compulsory property and liability insurance policies (subclause 7, clause 1, article 346.16 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation). This must be done as insurance premiums are paid in full. But the costs of voluntary insurance do not reduce the tax base for the simplified tax - they are not included in the closed list from paragraph 1 of Article 346.16 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation.

Health insurance accounting (MI): postings

Personnel insurance is recognized as voluntary only when it is concluded at the request of management, and not by law. Calculus of fear. VHI premiums must be posted on the date of payment, as an advance on account 76-1 Kt 51 - VHI premiums have been paid. Insurance costs are fixed according to the contract that has come into force.

If the start date of its validity is not provided, then the DS will gain force from the date of payment of the insurance. awards. Expenses for VHI are displayed on the cost accounts where the insured employee’s salary is posted. Type of postings when concluding fear. agreements may depend on the term: