How to correctly fill out an invoice for returning goods to a supplier and what are its features?

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Published: 10/18/2018

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An invoice is usually prepared by the seller of the goods and contains the amount that the buyer must pay to the supplier for the goods or service, including the allocated amount of VAT, as well as the details of the seller.

• What is an invoice
• Invoice for returning goods
• Full refund
• Partial return of goods

When an invoice is issued when goods are returned to a supplier, it has its own characteristics.

Returning goods: as before

Since 2021, there have been changes that relate to processing the return of goods. But first, let’s remember what order was applied earlier, before the changes came into force.

Until 2021, the important point was whether the buyer registered the purchased item in his program.

In the case when the buyer managed to accept the goods for registration and, if necessary, return them, he had to make a return sale. This means that the buyer generated an invoice for the returned goods, indicated himself as the seller and entered the document into his sales book. That is, a full-fledged implementation was obtained with all the consequences.

If the buyer did not have time to take into account the received goods, and the need to return arose, then the seller only had to create an adjustment invoice.

This order was quite simple, harmonious and logical. In fact, the return procedure depended on who had ownership of the product. Whoever is the owner of the goods issued the adjustment document. This procedure for processing returns has existed for many years, and each of the parties involved in the return procedure knew exactly what was required of it. Currently, one is getting used to the new scheme and sometimes confusion arises.

Preparation of invoices for the return sale of goods

Answer In accordance with subparagraph 1 of paragraph 1 of Article 146 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation, the object of VAT taxation is the sale of goods (work, services) on the territory of the Russian Federation, as well as the transfer of property rights.

Paragraph 1 of Article 168 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation establishes that when selling goods (work, services), transferring property rights, the taxpayer, in addition to the price (tariff) of the goods (work, services) sold, the transferred property rights, is obliged to present for payment to the buyer of these goods (work, services) ), property rights the corresponding amount of tax.

By virtue of paragraph 3 of Article 168 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation, when selling goods (work, services), transferring property rights, as well as upon receiving amounts of payment, partial payment for upcoming deliveries of goods (performance of work, provision of services), transfer of property rights, appropriate invoices are issued - invoices no later than five calendar days, counting from the day of shipment of goods (performance of work, provision of services), from the date of transfer of property rights or from the date of receipt of payment amounts, partial payment for upcoming deliveries of goods (performance of work, provision of services), transfer of property rights .

From the above provisions it follows that in general, the sale of goods on the territory of the Russian Federation is recognized as subject to VAT taxation

.
In this case, the seller of the goods is obliged, in addition to the price of the goods, to present the corresponding amount of VAT to the buyer for payment and issue an invoice
.

VAT amounts on purchased goods (works, services), in general, are accepted for deduction if the following conditions are met:

- the amount of tax must be presented, as evidenced by the corresponding invoice (clause 1 of Article 172 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation);

- goods (work, services), as well as property rights, acquired for the implementation of transactions subject to VAT (subclause 1 of clause 2 of Article 171 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation);

— goods (work, services) are accepted for accounting on the basis of the relevant primary documents (clause 1 of Article 172 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation).

Accordingly, if the buyer purchases goods for transactions subject to VAT, the buyer has the right to deduct the VAT presented by the seller in the cost of the goods upon receipt of the corresponding invoice from the seller

.

In relation to the case we are considering, if the goods are sold on the basis of a separate purchase and sale agreement, the Buyer selling the goods, on the basis of direct norms of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation, has the obligation to calculate VAT on the cost of the goods and issue an invoice to the Organization. In this case, the Organization will have the right to deduct VAT on the basis of the general norms of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation.

At the same time, I would like to draw your attention to the following

The procedure for processing the return of goods is not clearly regulated by current legislation.

Previously, the fiscal authorities expressed the position that the return of goods accepted for registration by the buyer

, is reflected as a reverse implementation, regardless of the reasons for such a return. In this case, the buyer issues a delivery note and an invoice to the seller.

Their conclusion was based on the norms of the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation “On the forms and rules for filling out (maintaining) documents used in calculations of value added tax” dated December 26, 2011 No. 1137, which approved, in particular, the Rules for maintaining a sales book, Rules for maintaining a journal accounting of received and issued invoices.

Thus, by virtue of clause 3 of the Rules for maintaining the sales book, compiled and (or) issued invoices (including adjustment ones) when returning goods accepted for registration are subject to registration in the sales book.

In addition, paragraph 9 of subparagraph a) of paragraph 7 of the Rules for maintaining a journal of received and issued invoices provided that in part 1 of the accounting journal, the serial number of the invoice record (including adjustment), corrected invoice is indicated in column 1 (including adjustment) issued by the buyer-taxpayer to the seller when returning goods accepted by the buyer for registration to the seller.

Based on the given standards in the Letter of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation dated November 29, 2013 No. 03-07-11/51923

the following was noted:

“If a defective product is returned by the buyer to the seller,

then, in accordance with the Rules for maintaining a log of received and issued invoices used in calculations for value added tax, approved by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of December 26, 2011 N 1137,
when returning goods accepted by the buyer - a taxpayer of value added tax for accounting, tax the added value is not restored, and the buyer issues an invoice to the seller for the returned goods and, accordingly, tax is charged upon the transfer of such goods
.”

In Letter of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation dated August 10, 2012 No. 03-07-11/280

the following is stated:

“In accordance with paragraph 3 of Art. 168 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation when the cost of shipped goods (work performed, services rendered), transferred property rights changes, including in the event of a change in price (tariff) and (or) clarification of the quantity (volume) of shipped goods (work performed, services rendered) , transferred property rights, the seller issues an adjustment invoice to the buyer.

Subparagraph “a” of clause 7 of the Rules for maintaining a log of received and issued invoices used in calculations of value added tax, approved by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of December 26, 2011 N 1137, establishes the buyer’s obligation to reflect in part 1 “Issued invoices” -invoices" of the accounting journal - indicators of invoices issued by the buyer - a taxpayer of value added tax to the seller when returning goods accepted for accounting by the buyer to the seller.

Thus, when returning goods accepted by a buyer who is a value added tax taxpayer for registration, an invoice for the returned goods is issued by the buyer. Therefore, in this case, adjustment invoices are not issued by the seller.

As for the return of goods by the buyer that were not accepted by him for registration, in this case the seller should issue adjustment invoices in the manner established by the above-mentioned Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation.”

In Letter of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation dated April 13, 2012 No. 03-07-09/34

reflected:

“When returning goods accepted by the buyer for registration, it is necessary to follow paragraphs. “a” clause 7 of the Rules for maintaining a log of received and issued invoices used in calculations of value added tax, approved by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of December 26, 2011 N 1137, which established that in part 1 “Issued invoices - invoices" of the accounting journal reflects the indicators of invoices issued by the buyer to the seller when goods accepted by the buyer for accounting are returned to the seller. In this regard, when returning goods accepted by the buyer for registration, an invoice for the returned goods is issued by the buyer

. Accordingly, in this case, adjustment invoices are not issued by the seller.

Regarding the return by the buyer of goods not accepted by the buyer for registration, in this case the seller should issue adjustment invoices

in the manner established by the above-mentioned Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation.”

Similar conclusions are contained in Letters of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation dated 07.08.12 No. 03-07-09/109, dated 31.07.12 No. 03-07-09/100, dated 31.07.12 No. 03-07-09/96, dated 24.07.12 No. 03-07-09/89, from 07.03.12 No. 03-07-09/64, from 03.02.12 No. 03-07-09/17, from 02.27.12 No. 03-07-09/11, from 20.02 .12 No. 03-07-09/08, Federal Tax Service of the Russian Federation dated July 5, 2012 No. AS-4-3/ [email protected] , Federal Tax Service of the Russian Federation for Moscow dated October 28, 2009 No. 16-15/113543

.

Meanwhile, in connection with the change in the VAT interest rate from January 1, 2021, the fiscal authorities provided clarifications regarding, among other things, the procedure for issuing invoices when returning goods from the buyer to the seller.

Thus, in the joint Letter of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation and the Federal Tax Service of the Russian Federation dated October 23, 2018 No. SD-4-3/ [email protected]

The following explanations were given:

"1.4. Application of the VAT tax rate when returning goods from 01/01/2019.

Application of VAT by the seller

In accordance with paragraph 5 of Article 171 of the Code, tax amounts presented by the seller to the buyer and paid by the seller to the budget when selling goods are subject to deductions in the event of the return of these goods (including during the warranty period) to the seller or refusal of them.

According to paragraph 4 of Article 172 of the Code, deductions of the specified tax amounts are made in full after the corresponding adjustment operations in connection with the return of goods or refusal of goods are reflected in the accounting records, but no later than one year from the date of return or refusal.

Based on the provisions of paragraph 13 of Article 171 and paragraph 10 of Article 172 of the Code, when the cost of shipped goods changes downwards, including in the case of a decrease in the number of goods shipped, the basis for deducting VAT from the seller is the adjustment invoice issued by the seller.

In connection with the above, when returning from 01/01/2019 the entire batch (or part) of goods, both accepted and not accepted for registration by buyers

, it is recommended that the seller issue adjustment invoices for the cost of goods returned by the buyer,
regardless of the period of shipment of the goods, that is, before 01/01/2019 or from the specified date
.

Moreover, if in column 7 of the invoice for which the adjustment invoice was drawn up, a tax rate of 18 percent is indicated, then in column 7 of the adjustment invoice the tax rate of 18 percent is also indicated.

When returning from 01.01.2019 goods paid for by persons who are not VAT taxpayers and (or) taxpayers exempt from fulfilling taxpayer obligations related to the calculation and payment of tax, to whom invoices are not issued, and shipped (transferred) to the specified persons before 01/01/2019, an adjustment document is registered in the purchase book containing summary (consolidated) data on return transactions made during the calendar month (quarter), regardless of the readings of cash register equipment.

Application of VAT by the buyer

By virtue of paragraph 1 of Article 172 of the Code, deductions of VAT amounts presented by the seller to the buyer when he purchases goods are made on the basis of invoices issued by sellers upon shipment of these goods, after accepting these goods for registration and in the presence of relevant primary documents.

According to subparagraph 4 of paragraph 3 of Article 170 of the Code, tax amounts accepted for deduction by the taxpayer on goods (work, services), including fixed assets and intangible assets, property rights in the manner prescribed by Chapter 21 of the Code, are subject to restoration by the taxpayer in the event of a change in value of shipped goods (work, services), transferred property rights in a downward direction, including in the case of a decrease in price (tariff) and (or) a decrease in the quantity (volume) of shipped goods (work, services), transferred property rights.

Taking into account the above, if the buyer has accepted for deduction the amounts of tax presented to him for the goods he accepted for registration, then the restoration of the VAT amounts in accordance with subparagraph 4 of paragraph 3 of Article 170 of the Code is carried out by the buyer on the basis of an adjustment invoice received from the seller, regardless of the period shipment of goods, that is, until 01/01/2019 or from the specified date

».

From the above explanations it follows that if the buyer returns the goods, the seller issues an adjustment invoice, but in this case the buyer does not issue an invoice. It does not matter whether the goods were accepted for accounting by the buyer or not.

In our opinion, these recommendations are related, first of all, to the fact that in the case of selling goods in 2021 at a rate of 18% and returning the goods in 2021, the reverse sale operation will entail the need for the buyer to apply a rate of 20%, despite the fact that The goods were purchased by him with VAT calculated at a rate of 18%.

Therefore, the fiscal authorities, in order to maintain the possibility of adjusting the VAT calculated by the supplier at the rate of 18%, proposed a mechanism for processing the return of goods by drawing up an adjustment invoice by the supplier to the invoice previously issued by him at the rate of 18%. In this case, VAT adjustment in 2019 for goods shipped before 2021 will also be made at a rate of 18%.

Meanwhile, the Letter directly states that this procedure applies to all cases of returning goods, regardless of the period of its shipment

. Thus, we can conclude that from January 1, 2019, the procedure for processing the return of goods accepted for registration by the buyer has changed.

In addition to paragraph 9

subparagraph a) paragraph 7 of the Rules for maintaining a log of received and issued invoices:

“in part 1 of the accounting journal, the serial number of the invoice entry (including adjustment), corrected invoice (including adjustment) issued by the buyer-taxpayer to the seller when returning goods accepted by the buyer for registration to the seller is indicated in column 1”

no longer valid as of October 1, 2021

.

The provisions of paragraph 3 of the Rules for maintaining the sales ledger, which require registration in the sales ledger of invoices issued upon return, have become invalid as of April 1, 2021

.

In our opinion, the actions of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation related to amendments to Resolution No. 1137 are aimed at changing the procedure for processing operations for calculating VAT in the event of returning goods, by issuing adjustment invoices in all cases, regardless of the fact of registration of goods by the buyer.

Based on the above, we believe that from January 1, 2019,
all returns of goods
, regardless of the date of their delivery,
must be issued with an adjustment invoice
, taking into account the explanations set out in
the Letter dated October 23, 2018 No. SD-4-3 /
[email protected ] , as well as based on the amendments made to
Resolution No. 1137
.

If the tax authorities assume that returns of goods must be issued with adjustment invoices, then the Supplier's right to deduction will arise due to the following.

In accordance with paragraph 5 of Article 171 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation, VAT amounts are subject to deductions

,
presented by the seller to the buyer
and
paid by the seller to the budget when selling goods
, in case of return of these goods (including during the warranty period) to the seller or refusal of them. Tax amounts paid when performing work (rendering services) are also subject to deductions in the event of refusal of these works (services).

According to paragraph 4 of Article 172 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation, deductions of tax amounts specified in paragraph 5 of Article 171 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation are made in full after the corresponding adjustment operations are reflected in the accounting in connection with the return of goods or refusal of goods (works, services), but no later one year from the date of return or refusal.

Based on paragraph 3 of clause 3 of Article 168 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation, when the cost of shipped goods (work performed, services provided), transferred property rights changes, including in the event of a change in price (tariff) and (or) clarification of the quantity (volume) of shipped goods (performed works, services provided), transferred property rights, the seller issues an adjustment invoice to the buyer

no later than five calendar days counting from the date of drawing up the documents specified in paragraph 10 of Article 172 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation.

From the above norms we can conclude that when returning goods, the quantity of previously supplied goods changes, therefore the supplier organization has the obligation to issue an adjustment invoice, on the basis of which the Organization will have the right to deduct VAT calculated on the cost of the returned goods the period in which the adjustment invoice was issued.

Thus, when the buyer returns the goods, the supplier essentially has the right to deduct the VAT that was previously calculated by the Supplier on the cost of the goods sold to the Buyer.

In this case, the logic of the tax authority may boil down to the fact that the necessary conditions for deducting VAT from the Supplier on the cost of the returned goods are:

— VAT is deducted in the amount that was previously presented to the Buyer;

— a correction invoice is available.

Therefore, if the buyer issues a delivery note and invoice when returning the goods, the Supplier may face the following tax risks.

When registering the return of goods by the buyer by issuing a delivery note and invoice, the buyer will be required to charge VAT at a rate of 20%.

In this case, the supplier organization will not formally meet the following conditions to legally claim VAT for deduction:

— VAT billed by the buyer was not presented by the Organization to the buyer, either in the amount declared by the buyer, or was not presented at all;

— there is no adjustment invoice.

On this basis, the tax authorities may refuse a VAT deduction of either 2% or 20%.

there are no official explanations from fiscal authorities, as well as arbitration practice, indicating such a risk.

, our conclusions are based only on the norms of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation and explanations related to the procedure for processing a return.

It is not possible to assess the likelihood of such a risk occurring.

Meanwhile, as follows from the question, the Buyer sells goods to the Organization on the basis of a separate purchase and sale agreement.

Documents indicating the return of goods under the previous contract are not issued.

Based on the above, we believe that if it does not follow

If
this is a return of goods
,
there are no letters of claim
or
other documents
indicating the return, then the buyer in this case legally issues an invoice for the sale, and your Organization, on the basis of such an invoice, will lawfully deduct VAT.

Theoretically, in this case, there is a possibility that the sale of goods by the Buyer will be reclassified as a return and a VAT deduction will be denied if the tax authority determines that the goods sold by the Buyer were previously purchased from the Organization.

At the same time, in the Letter of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation dated April 10, 2019 No. 03-07-09/25208

The following clarifications were given on this issue:

«Question:

According to the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of January 19, 2019 N 15, from April 1, 2019, the provision that it is necessary to register invoices issued upon the return of goods accepted for registration was excluded from the Rules for maintaining the sales book.

What negative consequences (tax and administrative) may arise for the supplier and buyer of goods if the buyer issues an invoice for returns, and the supplier accepts VAT for deduction based on the buyer’s invoice?

Answer:

Based on paragraph 3 of the Rules for maintaining a sales book used in calculations of value added tax, approved by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of December 26, 2011 N 1137 as amended by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of January 19, 2021 N 15, starting from April 1 2021, the buyer, who is a value added tax payer, does not have the obligation to issue invoices for returned goods accepted for registration. In this regard, from April 1, 2021, when the buyer returns goods accepted for registration before April 1, 2021 and after the specified date, the seller will issue adjustment invoices.

If there are no adjustment invoices for goods returned by the buyer that were previously accepted for registration, then the seller will not accept the amount of value added tax on such goods for deduction.

If goods previously purchased and registered by the buyer are subsequently sold on the basis of a purchase and sale agreement (supply agreement), under which the buyer acts as the seller of the goods, and the former seller as the buyer, then invoices are issued for such goods in the manner specified provided for in paragraph 3 of Article 168 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation

».

Similar conclusions were made in Letters of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation dated 04/11/19 No. 03-07-09/25804

,
dated 04/10/19 No. 03-07-09/25206
.

Based on the above, we believe that in the case we are considering, the Organization’s risks in relation to VAT deductions are unlikely

.

College of Tax Consultants, May 29, 2021

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How to return goods from 2021

The legislator wanted to slightly simplify the procedure for returning goods, although it would seem much simpler. In this regard, some changes were made at the legislative level. Changes regarding returns apply to returns made after April 1, 2021.

Now the procedure for processing returns depends on the agreement under which the return is being made.

In most cases, the purchase of goods and its return occur within the framework of one contract. In this situation, the legislator simplified the life of buyers and established that regardless of whether the goods are accepted for accounting or not, the buyer does not generate an invoice. Now the seller performs all the actions. He accepts the returned goods and issues an adjustment invoice. Moreover, using such a system, you can return both high-quality and low-quality goods.

A less common situation is when the buyer returns the goods under a separate agreement. In this case, the former buyer becomes the seller and transfers the goods according to a regular invoice. At the same time, the former seller, and now the buyer, does not draw up any documents.

It is also necessary to take into account that currently it does not matter what taxation regime the seller and buyer are in. If the seller pays VAT, and the buyer is in a special regime, then when returning the goods, the seller simply issues an adjustment invoice and takes it into account. It turns out that the same document is counted twice.

It must be borne in mind that there have been no critical changes in the invoice form. The only and significant innovation of the document is the tax rate, which increased from 18% to 20% in 2021 compared to 2021.

What is an invoice

An invoice refers to the primary accounting documents that certify the actual shipment of goods or the provision of certain services, as well as their cost. An invoice is issued by the seller (contractor or performer) to the buyer or customer of services after final acceptance of the goods or services.

An invoice is necessary for tax accounting for VAT and is issued only by those suppliers who apply the general taxation system and are VAT payers (if the company is on the simplified tax system, then it can also issue an invoice, but with zero VAT). One of the purposes of an invoice is to confirm that VAT has been paid so that it can be offset.

The invoice details are fixed by the Tax Code; it must contain:

• serial number and date of receipt of the invoice;
• name, address and tax identification number of the supplier and buyer , consignor and consignee;
• payment document number when receiving an advance;
• name of goods supplied, work or services performed and unit of measurement;
• quantity of goods supplied;
• unit price;
• cost of goods;
• excise tax amount;
• tax rate;
• the amount of tax presented to the buyer;
• the total cost of goods supplied and services performed;
• country of origin of the goods and declaration number (for imported goods).

Accounting for the return of goods from the supplier

When returning goods, in most cases the seller has to prepare a corrective invoice. At the same time, at the moment when the goods are actually accepted back, an entry is made in the purchase book. Accordingly, VAT on such a document can be deducted, and there will be no need to correct the declaration for the previous period.

It must be remembered that if only part of the goods is returned, the seller issues an adjustment invoice - an invoice, which is registered in the purchase book and corrects the amount of VAT payable to the budget.

It should also be noted that in connection with the change in the tax rate from 2021, the tax service indicated that when drawing up a corrective invoice, the rate that appeared in the original document is indicated.

Regarding income tax. In the case when the goods were purchased and returned in different periods, at the time of return of funds to the buyer’s account, non-operating expenses are accepted.

Memo: how to issue a correction invoice when returning goods

The adjustment invoice is filled out in the general manner, taking into account the following features.

In the table, fill in lines A (before the change) – D (decrease) for each item of goods whose quantity has changed.

In column 3, indicate (clauses “c”, “d” of paragraph 2 of the Rules for filling out an adjustment invoice):

• in line A (before the change) - the number of goods delivered from column 3 of the shipment invoice;
• in line B (after the change) - the amount of goods that remains with the buyer after returning part of the products to them.

In column 5, reflect (paragraphs “g” – “j” of paragraph 2 of the Rules for filling out an adjustment invoice):

• in line A (before the change) - the cost of all goods supplied excluding VAT from column 5 of the shipping invoice;
• in line B (after the change) - the cost of goods without VAT, which the buyer kept after returning part of the delivery;
• in line B (increase) put a dash;
• in line D (decrease), indicate the difference in cost excluding VAT, which occurred after returning part of the goods. To do this, you need to subtract line B (after the change) from the indicator of line A (before the change).

In column 7, reflect the VAT rate that is indicated in the shipping invoice (clause “p” of clause 2 of the Rules for filling out an adjustment invoice, clause 1.4 of the Letter of the Federal Tax Service of Russia dated October 23, 2018 N SD-4-3/).

In column 8, reflect (paragraphs “r” – “y” of paragraph 2 of the Rules for filling out an adjustment invoice):

• in line A (before the change) - the amount of VAT on the cost of delivery before the return of the goods from column 8 of the shipping invoice;
• in line B (after the change) - VAT, which is accrued after reducing the number of goods supplied;
• in line B (increase) put a dash;
• in line D (decrease) - the difference between the accrued VAT upon delivery and after the return of part of the goods. To do this, subtract line B (after the change) from line A (before the change).

In column 9, indicate (paragraphs “f” – “ch” of paragraph 2 of the Rules for filling out an adjustment invoice):

• in line A (before the change) - the cost of all delivered goods including VAT from column 9 of the shipping invoice;
• in line B (after the change) - the cost of goods with VAT that remained with the buyer after the return of part of them;
• in line B (increase) put a dash;
• in line D (decrease) - the difference between the original cost of delivery including VAT and the one that turned out after the buyer returned part of the goods. To do this, subtract line B (after the change) from line A (before the change).

In the line “Total increase (sum of lines B)”, put dashes in columns 5, 8 and 9.

In the line “Total reduction (sum of lines D)” in columns 5, 8 and 9, summarize the reduction in the cost of delivery without VAT and taking into account tax, as well as the amount of VAT on the shipment after part of the goods is returned to you (clause 4 of the Rules for filling out an adjustment invoice - invoices).

Here is an example of a completed return adjustment invoice:

Reflection of returns in the seller's accounting

Like any other fact of the economic life of an organization, returns must also be reflected in accounting. Moreover, entries made earlier will have to be reversed. The reversal will have to be made according to the following postings.

Accounting for the return of goods from the buyer

In any case, when returning goods, the buyer receives an adjustment invoice.

Further, the procedure depends on whether the returned goods were accepted for accounting or not.

If the goods have not yet been accepted for registration, no problems arise. The operation was not performed, which means there is nothing to fix. Therefore, no action is necessary in this case.

If the goods are accepted, then based on the received invoice, you need to restore the VAT, which will be deducted upon purchase. The invoice goes into the sales book.

If the buyer, when accepting the goods, decided that for some reason part of it should be returned back to the seller, then the document originally issued should be taken into account, but without taking into account the cost of the goods to be returned. When an adjustment invoice is received from the seller, there is no need to register it with an invoice.

As for income tax, no corrections will be needed, since the goods will not yet have time to be included in expenses.

Filling in when returning inventory items

The rules for filling out the document depend on whether the valuables have been registered , and whether the entire shipment is going to be returned by the counterparty and what taxation system it is in (you can learn about the nuances of returning goods to the supplier under different taxation systems here). Let's consider these cases in more detail.

Fully

The products were accepted without objection and reflected on invoice 41, but then the quality control department discovered a defect. In this case, an invoice will be issued for the cost of the products sent back. Line 2 indicates the name of the buyer. Line 6 contains the name of the seller. Those. they change places.

The cost of the goods is calculated based on the data in the supplier's shipping documents . The accrued tax will be similar to the amount that the buyer previously accepted for deduction. The supplier, based on the invoice received from the counterparty, can claim VAT deduction.

Partially

When sending back products that are not accepted for registration, the buyer does not write anything out. And the supplier issues an adjustment invoice for the reduced volume of products. Line 2 indicates the name of the supplier, line 6 the name of the customer company.

Not registered

Since the inventory items have not become the property of the customer, there is no need to issue an invoice for them. Unaccounted goods are reflected in account 002.

Accepted for implementation

It should be noted that the return is captured by reverse implementation .

From the customer to the simplified tax system

If the batch is returned from the customer to the simplified tax system. Organizations using the simplified tax system do not pay VAT. The buyer will not generate an invoice whether he has accepted the shipment or not.

The document must be signed by the director and chief accountant. They may delegate signing authority to others in the organization. This occurs either on the basis of an order or on the basis of a power of attorney.

If the activity is carried out by an individual entrepreneur, the document is signed by him (or an authorized person) indicating the data of the state registration certificate. There must be a transcript of the signature. The signature must be made personally. A facsimile cannot be used as a signature .

Should the document bear the organization's seal? In Article 169 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation, the presence of a seal is not specified in the rules of preparation. The document is valid both with and without a seal.

Reflection of the return in the buyer's accounting

Here again, everything depends on whether the goods were accepted for accounting.

If the goods are not registered, then no postings are required or made.

Otherwise, the following entries must be reversed.

What other documents are needed to return goods?

It should be borne in mind that the list of documents that need to be completed when returning goods has not undergone any changes. In order to return the goods, it is not enough to simply draw up an adjustment invoice.

Most often, a product is returned if it is of inadequate quality or a mismatch is detected. In this case, a document such as a statement of discrepancies is drawn up. If it is drawn up in the presence of the supplier, then his signature is placed on the document.

A claim is also drawn up, which contains a convincing request to accept the goods back, indicating the reason for the return and the quantity of the goods. Another document that is drawn up when returning is a return invoice. It should also indicate which product and in what quantity can be returned.

The report, along with the claim and return invoice, is sent to the supplier. The supplier, in turn, must accept the returned goods and at the same time make a note on the return label. The usual TORG-12 can be used as a return invoice, on which a note is made that such an invoice is a return one.

As you can see, returning an item is not that difficult. From 2021, a new procedure for processing the return of goods will be applied. This procedure applies to returns made after April 1. The burden of creating an adjustment set - invoice - lies entirely with the seller of the goods, who accepts the return. When making a return, you should be very careful about the formation of primary documents so that the regulatory authorities do not have any complaints.